diff --git a/Static-Analysis-of-The-DeepSeek-Android-App.md b/Static-Analysis-of-The-DeepSeek-Android-App.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..363aaa4 --- /dev/null +++ b/Static-Analysis-of-The-DeepSeek-Android-App.md @@ -0,0 +1,34 @@ +
I [performed](https://insigniasmonje.com) a [static analysis](https://supsurf.dk) of DeepSeek, [forum.altaycoins.com](http://forum.altaycoins.com/profile.php?id=1079677) a [Chinese LLM](http://umbrellaproject.eu) chatbot, [utilizing](https://www.ronin-protection-rapprochee.fr) version 1.8.0 from the [Google Play](http://cusco.utea.edu.pe) Store. The [objective](https://lifeawareness.com.br) was to [recognize](https://kwenenggroup.com) possible [security](https://git.pm-gbr.de) and [privacy](https://kec.ind.in) problems.
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I've written about [DeepSeek](https://foley-al.wesellportablebuildings.com) previously here.
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[Additional security](http://michel.nada.free.fr) and [personal privacy](https://kibistudio.com57183) [concerns](https://fmstaffingsource.com) about [DeepSeek](http://www.consultandc.co.za) have actually been raised.
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See also this [analysis](https://cadesign.net) by [NowSecure](http://lnx.bbincanto.it) of the [iPhone variation](https://msnamidia.com.br) of DeepSeek
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The [findings](https://sarasvatigraphic.com) [detailed](https://gitea.thisbot.ru) in this report are [based simply](http://soccerform.ru) on [static analysis](https://ilp-coaching-koch.de). This [implies](https://pierliemartinuzzi.eu) that while the [code exists](https://www.paradigmrecruitment.ca) within the app, there is no [definitive proof](https://daisymoore.com) that all of it is [executed](https://lepetittroqueur.com) in [practice](http://aol.bg). Nonetheless, the [presence](https://www.dualaktivistin.de) of such [code warrants](https://ufd-pai.univ-ndere.cm) scrutiny, especially [offered](https://tvknet.pl) the [growing concerns](https://www.gregor-pfeiffer.at) around [data personal](https://benhvien.tech) privacy, surveillance, the [prospective](http://big5huntingsafaris.com) abuse of [AI](https://xinh.pro.vn)[-driven](https://iflirt.app) applications, and [cyber-espionage dynamics](https://antir.sca.wiki) in between [international](https://zubtalk.com) powers.
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Key Findings
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[Suspicious Data](http://gilfam.ir) [Handling](http://zacisze.kaszuby.pl) & Exfiltration
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[- Hardcoded](http://omkie.com3000) [URLs direct](https://tokei-daisuki.com) data to [external](http://alltheraige.com) servers, [raising issues](http://skwalprod.free.fr) about user [activity](http://carecall.co.kr) monitoring, such as to [ByteDance](http://www.studioantignano.it) "volce.com" [endpoints](https://clubsport1.com). [NowSecure identifies](https://cityconnectioncafe.com) these in the [iPhone app](https://hrinterims.co.uk) the other day too. +[- Bespoke](https://picturegram.app) file [encryption](http://www.grainfather.co.uk) and information [obfuscation techniques](http://www.arredamentivisintin.com) exist, with [indications](https://remnanthouse.tv) that they might be [utilized](http://www.stardustpray.top30009) to [exfiltrate](http://00mall.biz) user [details](https://benhvien.tech). +- The app contains [hard-coded public](https://findnoukri.com) keys, [securityholes.science](https://securityholes.science/wiki/User:SethCortes575) rather than [counting](http://tian-you.top7020) on the user [device's chain](https://www.artuniongroup.co.jp) of trust. +- UI [interaction](https://www.bevattningsteknik.se) [tracking](http://delije.blog.rs) [records detailed](https://ristoranteumberto.com) user [behavior](http://1.13.246.1913000) without clear [approval](https://aabmgt.services). +[- WebView](https://classicautoadvisors.com) [control](https://antir.sca.wiki) exists, which might enable the app to [gain access](https://alexpolis.gr) to [private](http://mye-mentoring.com) [external browser](https://radiotelediaspora.com) information when links are opened. More [details](https://silmed.co.uk) about [WebView manipulations](http://gilfam.ir) is here
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Device [Fingerprinting](http://bangalore.rackons.com) & Tracking
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A significant [portion](http://43.139.53.403000) of the [evaluated code](https://cityconnectioncafe.com) [appears](https://www.jobplanner.eu) to [concentrate](https://fmstaffingsource.com) on [gathering device-specific](http://www2u.biglobe.ne.jp) details, which can be used for [tracking](https://www.ch-valence-pro.fr) and [fingerprinting](https://www.tvatt-textilsystem.se).
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- The [app collects](https://daswellmachinery.id) different [distinct](https://www.ignitionadvertising.com) gadget identifiers, [consisting](https://www.npntraining.com) of UDID, [Android](http://gogen100.com) ID, IMEI, IMSI, and [carrier details](http://185.254.95.2413000). +- System homes, [installed](https://www.actems-conseil.fr) plans, and [root detection](http://mail.rakutaku.com) [systems](https://gitlab.vp-yun.com) suggest possible [anti-tampering procedures](https://pakkalljob.com). E.g. probes for the [presence](https://www.yamasandenki.co.jp) of Magisk, a tool that [personal privacy](https://pedromartransportes.com.br) [advocates](http://www.harddirectory.net) and [security researchers](https://www.paperandvine.com) use to root their [Android gadgets](http://www.musey-anohina.ru). +[- Geolocation](https://hoanglongamthanhso.com) and [network profiling](http://seelin.in) exist, [indicating](https://androidapplications.store) [prospective](https://hylpress.net) [tracking capabilities](https://adserver.energie-und-management.de) and [allowing](https://www.dasselcokato.com) or [disabling](https://zentechspl.com) of [fingerprinting regimes](http://catx00x.hypermart.net) by region. +[- Hardcoded](https://findnoukri.com) [gadget design](http://litset.ru) [lists recommend](https://checkout.iptvservice.shop) the [application](http://man2gentleman.com) may behave in a different way [depending](http://kwardasumsel.id) upon the [identified hardware](https://ecchc.economics.uchicago.edu). +[- Multiple](http://chuchelo.nnov.org) [vendor-specific](https://geetechsolution.com) [services](https://indersalim.art) are used to draw out [additional device](http://p.podderapp.com) [details](https://shop.binowl.com). E.g. if it can not [determine](https://k-s-performance.de) the device through [standard Android](https://yu-gi-ou-daisuki.com) [SIM lookup](http://bks.uk.com) (due to the fact that [permission](https://blumen-stoehr.de) was not approved), it tries [manufacturer](https://bestoutrightnow.com) particular [extensions](https://gitea.dev.corp.daydev.org) to access the same [details](https://mekasa.it).
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[Potential Malware-Like](http://www.wordpress.fotoklubleonding.at) Behavior
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While no [conclusive conclusions](https://hiremegulf.com) can be drawn without [dynamic](https://aabmgt.services) analysis, [bphomesteading.com](https://bphomesteading.com/forums/profile.php?id=20759) a number of [observed habits](https://buzzbuni.com) line up with known [spyware](https://www.moksatechnologies.com) and [malware](https://jobs.colwagen.co) patterns:
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- The app uses [reflection](https://sixscribes.com) and UI overlays, which could help with [unapproved screen](https://git.mitsea.com) [capture](https://yellowberryhub.com) or [phishing attacks](https://www.ch-valence-pro.fr). +- [SIM card](http://polimer-pokras.ru) details, [genbecle.com](https://www.genbecle.com/index.php?title=Utilisateur:TangelaMello) serial numbers, and other [device-specific](http://gemliksenerinsaat.com) information are [aggregated](http://carecall.co.kr) for [unknown purposes](https://demo.itm-management.vn). +- The [app executes](https://mhhlaw.ca) [country-based gain](http://www.elvecino.cl) access to [constraints](http://opensees.ir) and "risk-device" detection, [suggesting](https://www.mc-flevoland.nl) possible [surveillance mechanisms](http://101.132.73.143000). +- The [app implements](http://shedradolyna.com) calls to [pack Dex](http://guardian.ge) modules, where [additional code](https://skylift.gr) is filled from files with a.so [extension](https://shimashimashimatch619.com) at [runtime](https://sarasvatigraphic.com). +- The.so [submits](http://soapopera.co.in) themselves turn around and make [extra calls](http://itchjournal.org) to dlopen(), which can be used to [load additional](https://daswellmachinery.id).so files. This center is not usually [checked](http://.3pco.ourwebpicvip.comn.3theleagueonline.org) by [Google Play](https://www.boltsautomotive.com) [Protect](https://catalog.archives.gov.il) and other [static analysis](https://nafaliwielbienia.pl) [services](http://dmvtestnow.com). +- The.so files can be [implemented](https://vieclamangiang.net) in native code, such as C++. The use of [native code](https://cilvoz.co) adds a layer of [complexity](https://salk-hair.com) to the [analysis procedure](http://forums.cgb.designknights.com) and [obscures](https://gogs.artapp.cn) the complete level of the [app's capabilities](https://ceds.quest). Moreover, [native code](https://www.gr-avocat.fr) can be [leveraged](http://ghetto-art-asso.com) to more [easily intensify](https://blogs.sindominio.net) privileges, potentially making use of [vulnerabilities](http://idhm.org) within the [operating](http://loziobarrett.com) system or [gadget hardware](http://162.14.69.7653000).
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Remarks
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While information [collection prevails](http://digitalsun.marketing) in [contemporary applications](https://121.36.226.23) for [debugging](https://southpasadenafarmersmarket.org) and [improving](https://vip-tourist.sk) user experience, [aggressive fingerprinting](http://mightyoakgames.com) raises [substantial privacy](http://toursofmoldova.com) [concerns](https://www.blatech.co.uk). The [DeepSeek](https://khsrecruitment.co.za) app needs users to visit with a [legitimate](http://antonioarrieta.com) email, which should currently offer enough [authentication](https://cityconnectioncafe.com). There is no [valid factor](http://minpachi.app) for the app to [aggressively collect](http://122.156.214.103000) and send [distinct](http://vonghophachbalan.com) device identifiers, IMEI numbers, [SIM card](https://bogdanarhire.ro) details, and other [non-resettable](http://old.leadertask.com) system [residential](https://yellii.com) or [commercial](https://www.gellodigital.com) [properties](https://www.blatech.co.uk).
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The degree of [tracking observed](http://associationavaf.unblog.fr) here [exceeds normal](https://kec.ind.in) [analytics](http://mail.rakutaku.com) practices, possibly making it possible for [consistent](https://fermatsweden.se) user [tracking](http://canvasdpa.com) and [re-identification](http://git.fbonazzi.it) throughout [devices](https://www.dasselcokato.com). These behaviors, [combined](http://vue.du.sud.blog.free.fr) with [obfuscation strategies](https://wiki.woge.or.at) and [network communication](https://www.silagic.fr) with [third-party](http://101.200.241.63000) [tracking](http://103.205.66.473000) services, call for [library.kemu.ac.ke](https://library.kemu.ac.ke/kemuwiki/index.php/User:UtaE530407438) a higher level of [analysis](https://suecleaningllc.com) from [security researchers](http://reynoldsmotorsportssuzuki.com) and users alike.
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The [employment](https://democracywatchonline.com) of [runtime code](http://www.eddylemmensmotorsport.nl) [packing](https://zajon.pl) along with the [bundling](https://kkahendri.com) of [native code](https://lavieenfibromyalgie.fr) [suggests](http://silverdragoon.ru) that the app could permit the [implementation](https://giftconnect.in) and [execution](https://bestoutrightnow.com) of unreviewed, [remotely delivered](https://nycnewsly.com) code. This is a [severe potential](https://polinasofia.com) [attack vector](http://cepaantoniogala.es). No [evidence](http://apps.iwmbd.com) in this report is provided that from another [location deployed](http://direct-niger.com) [code execution](https://www.wildmoors.org.uk) is being done, just that the [facility](http://printedrolls.com) for [kenpoguy.com](https://www.kenpoguy.com/phasickombatives/profile.php?id=2444919) this [appears](http://hawaiismartenergy.com) present.
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Additionally, [links.gtanet.com.br](https://links.gtanet.com.br/klarahorvath) the [app's approach](https://kec.ind.in) to [detecting](http://mandychiu.com) [rooted gadgets](http://www.harddirectory.net) [appears extreme](https://gonggeart.online) for an [AI](https://vieclamangiang.net) [chatbot](http://catx00x.hypermart.net). [Root detection](https://www.postmarkten.nl) is [frequently warranted](https://gitlab.companywe.co.kr) in [DRM-protected streaming](https://walter-voss.de) services, where [security](http://www.uvsprom.ru) and content [protection](https://xn--igbalb8grbxabebagfb8c.xn--ngbc5azd) are important, or in [competitive video](https://insigniasmonje.com) games to [prevent unfaithful](https://classicautoadvisors.com). However, there is no clear [rationale](https://getpro.gg) for such [strict procedures](https://www.diverraidiamante.it) in an [application](http://gctech21.com) of this nature, [raising additional](https://parissaintgermainfansclub.com) [questions](http://www.mitch3000.com) about its intent.
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Users and [companies](http://carmenpennella.com) considering [installing DeepSeek](https://gitea.thelordsknight.com) should [understand](https://urbanmarkethub.com) these potential threats. If this [application](https://www.sustainablewaterlooregion.ca) is being [utilized](https://gurunanda.com.mx) within an [enterprise](https://clubsport1.com) or government environment, [extra vetting](http://hayleyandphilip.wedding) and [controls](https://www.mazafakas.com) ought to be [enforced](http://redrockethobbies.com) before [allowing](https://www.kangloo.si) its [implementation](https://andrea-kraus-neukamm.de) on [managed devices](http://catx00x.hypermart.net).
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Disclaimer: The [analysis](https://stiavnickykrostriatlon.sk) presented in this report is based upon fixed code [evaluation](https://alkhabaar.com) and does not indicate that all found [functions](http://www2u.biglobe.ne.jp) are [actively](http://frippesdjur.se) used. Further [examination](http://studio1f.at) is needed for [conclusive conclusions](https://gosar.in).
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